The numbers and letters on your marker represent the three classifications within the Copic color system. They are:
B - Blue; BV - Blue Violet; V - Violet; RV - Red Violet; R - Red; YR - Yellow Red; Y - Yellow; YG - Yellow Green; G - Green; BG - Blue Green; E - Earths; C - Cool Grays; N - Natural Grays; T - Toner Grays; W - Warm Grays
Intermediate Classification = Color Saturation - Lower numbers are vibrant; higher numbers have more gray.
Specific Classification = Color Brightness - Lower numbers are light and the higher numbers are dark.
It can be overwhelming when you first look at all of the Copic colors and see the strange letter/number values. However, once you understand the system, you will quickly be able to decipher what the color qualities of a maker are simply by reading the cap number. Please refer to the Copic Color Wheel found on my sidebar.
Color Letter - The letter represents the color family. All of the color families except E follow the same basic rules.
Color Saturation or Intensity Number - Saturated colors are on the outside of the wheel. This is the first number in a color. The 0 in the first number shows that it is a vibrant color. They tend to be in the 0's, 10's or 20's.
Color Brightness Number - The last digit on any color shows how bright or light that color is.
Some common mistakes beginners make when picking Copic colors:
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Colors are too dark; on uncoated papers pick lighter colors than you think. It's easier to go darker than to lighter.
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Colors are too vibrant; vibrant colors catch the eye, so people often purchase them, but when they get home to coordinate markers with a project, they find the super-bright colors aren't as useful.
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Not enough colors to blend; you need to get two colors in each family.
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Not enough contrast between colors; in many color families you need to jump more than 2 digits to get colors that will blend and still show up as being different.
When applying the number system to work, think about the images you will be coloring before you pick your colors. If you will be coloring more earthy or muted images, like forests or antique pictures, choose colors that are less saturated. This includes colors in the 70's, 80's, or 90's... like BG93 or G99. If you are coloring bright things like children's toys or spring flowers, you might want to pick colors that are in the 0's, 10's or 20's like Y08, RV04 or G14.
Natural Blending Groups
In each color family, you can break down the full range of colors into small sequences, such as B20-B29. These colors are called a Natural Blending Groups. These are colors that naturally go well together. This is no saturation variation, only brightness variation. When you blend these colors together you know that the colors will perfectly coordinate.
For blends to look more natural, pick colors from the same blending group. In general, keep a 2-4 digits difference between the last numbers and keep the letter and first number the same.